Nepal is home to a diverse array of reptiles, and its varying elevations and ecosystems contribute to this richness. Here are some notable reptiles found in Nepal:
Gharial Crocodile in Bardia National Park, Nepal
- Gharial (Gavialis gangeticus):
- The gharial is a critically endangered species of crocodile, known for its long, slender snout. It primarily inhabits rivers in the Terai region, including the Karnali and Narayani rivers.
- Mugger Crocodile (Crocodylus palustris):
- Also known as the marsh crocodile, the mugger crocodile is found in freshwater habitats across Nepal, including rivers, lakes, and marshes.
- King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah):
- The King Cobra, one of the largest venomous snakes, is found in the lowland and mid-hill regions of Nepal, particularly in dense forests.
- Indian Rock Python (Python molurus):
- This non-venomous constrictor is found in various habitats, from grasslands to forests, and is known to inhabit parts of Nepal.
- Cobra Species (Naja spp.):
- Various cobra species, including the Spectacled Cobra (Naja naja), inhabit Nepal. They are often found in a range of habitats, including agricultural fields.
- Krait Species (Bungarus spp.):
- Kraits, such as the Common Krait (Bungarus caeruleus), are venomous snakes found in different parts of Nepal, including both lowland and hilly regions.
- Various Viper Species:
- Nepal is home to several viper species, including the Himalayan Pit Viper (Gloydius himalayanus) and the Bamboo Pit Viper (Trimeresurus spp.).
- Indian Monitor Lizard (Varanus bengalensis):
- The Indian Monitor Lizard is found in a variety of habitats, including forests, grasslands, and agricultural areas in Nepal.
- Gecko Species:
- Various gecko species, such as the Kotschy’s Gecko (Mediodactylus kotschyi), are found in Nepal, particularly in warmer regions.
- Skink Species:
- Skinks, such as the Red-tailed Skink (Eutropis spp.), inhabit different parts of Nepal and are often found in forested areas.
- Turtle Species:
- Nepal is home to several species of turtles, including the Indian Tent Turtle (Pangshura tentoria) and the Indian Flapshell Turtle (Lissemys punctata).
These are just a few examples of the diverse reptile fauna found in Nepal. The country’s varied topography and ecosystems contribute to the presence of a wide range of reptile species, each adapted to its specific habitat.
